To connect to Artemis HPC, and follow this lesson, you will need a ‘terminal emulator’ program installed on your computer. Often just called a ‘terminal’, or ‘shell terminal’, ‘shell client’, terminal emulators give you a window with a command line interface through which you can send commands to be executed by your computer.
More precisely, these commands are executed by your shell, which is a program designed to do just that: execute commands! The most commonly used shell is ‘Bash’, and we’ll generally refer to the shell as a ‘Bash shell’, and to scripts as ‘Bash scripts’. There are other shells, and each has its own set of extra commands or syntaxes it can accept – its own scripting language.
You don’t need to worry too much about this! You just need a shell – almost all will understand the commands we’re going to be using.
If you use Linux, then chances are you already know your shell and how to use it. Basically, just open your preferred terminal program and off you go! An X-Window server (X11) may also be useful if you want to be able to use GUIs; again, if you’re using Linux you probably have one, and if you don’t have one, it’s probably because you intentionally disabled it!
Mac operating systems come with a terminal program, called Terminal. Just look for it in your Applications folder, or hit Command-Space and type ‘terminal’. You may find that other, 3rd party terminal programs are more user-friendly and powerful – I use Iterm2.
We also recommend installing XQuartz, which will replace OSX’s native X-Window server. XQuartz has some extra features that may offer better performance when using GUI programs. You’ll need to log out and back in again after installing XQuartz in order for it to activate.
If you’re using a Windows machine, don’t panic! You might not have used ‘CMD’ since Windows 95 but, rest assured, Windows still has a couple of terminal programs and shells buried in the Programs menu.
However, those aren’t going to work for us, as you’ll need extra programs and utilities to connect to Artemis, such as an SSH implementation. To use Artemis on Windows, you have a couple of options:
X-Win32 is full-featured X-server and terminal emulator for Windows. USyd provides a license for it; however, the download link is restricted to staff so, students. Install, and follow the instructions on the USyd-ICT page to activate – you’ll need to be on the USyd network or VPN to do so.
Windows Defender and internet permissions
Windows Defender (Windows’ firewall/antivirus) will probably tell you that certain access has been blocked for X-Win32 and its built-in sound server.
You should allow all connection domains (check all three boxes) in both of these dialogue windows, so that X-Win32 can work on all types of internet connections.
Or, choose the ones you want if you know what you’re doing!
Then setup as follows:
Create a new ‘Manual’ connection, and select ‘SSH’
/usr/bin/xterm -ls -fa 'consolas' -fs 11
PuTTY, an SSH and telnet client, is another good option if you can’t or don’t want to install X-Win32. However, note that PuTTY does not provide an X11 server, so you won’t be able to use GUI programs on Artemis with just PuTTY.
Head to https://putty.org and download PuTTY. You can install it to your computer, or just download the ‘binary’ and run it directly. Create a new session for use with Artemis as follows:
If you’re attempting this training by yourself, or following on Zoom, off-campus then you’ll need to connect to the USyd internet network before you can connect to Artemis.
There are a couple ways to do this:
VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a protocol that allows you to tap into a local private network remotely. Follow USyd ICT’s instructions here. Once you’ve connected to the VPN, the above connection methods will work, just as though you were on-campus.
Artemis provides a ‘gateway’ server, called Jump, that allows connections from outside the University network, and is itself on the network. From the Jump server, you can then connect to Artemis directly. If using the Jump server, you will need to edit the host address used in the instructions above:
This will connect you to Jump, rather than Artemis itself. You can then connect to Artemis directly via SSH. See Episode 1 of the Introduction to Artemis HPC course.
There is one final way to access Artemis, and that is using our graphical login nodes. These special are graphics-enabled login servers which host ‘NoMachine’, a kind of remote desktop service.
To use the graphical login nodes:
To connect: